Arthritis is a term that describes a group of diseases causing pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints. It’s not just a single disease; it encompasses more than 100 different types of joint disorders that affect people of all ages, sexes and races.

Understanding arthritis is crucial for managing its symptoms and maintaining a good quality of life. In this article, we delve into the various types of arthritis, discuss prevention strategies and outline available treatments.

What Is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a form of joint disorder that involves inflammation of one or more joints. The symptoms of arthritis can vary from mild to severe, and they often progress over time. The most common signs of arthritis include joint pain, stiffness, swelling and a decreased range of motion, which can lead to difficulty in performing everyday tasks.

Common symptoms of arthritis

  • Joint pain
  • Swelling
  • Stiffness
  • Redness around the joint
  • Loss of range of motion

Types of Arthritis

Arthritis comes in various forms, each with its own set of symptoms and causes. Here are some of the most common types:

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis, often called wear-and-tear arthritis. It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time. OA can affect any joint but commonly affects the hands, knees, hips and spine.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissues, particularly the synovium — a soft tissue in your joints that produces a fluid that nourishes the cartilage and lubricates the joints. RA can lead to joint deformity and can also affect other parts of the body.

Psoriatic arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis affects some people with psoriasis, a condition that features red patches of skin topped with silvery scales. It typically affects the large joints, especially those of the lower extremities, distal joints of the fingers and toes, and can also cause changes to the nails.

Gout

Gout is a painful form of arthritis caused by too much uric acid in the body. It often starts in the big toe and can also affect other joint areas such as the ankles, knees, elbows, wrists and fingers.

Lupus

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and pain in any part of your body, including the joints. It’s often accompanied by other symptoms like fatigue, rashes and fever.

Arthritis Prevention

While there is no surefire way to prevent arthritis, there are certain lifestyle changes and precautions you can take to reduce your risk:

Maintain a healthy weight

Excess weight puts additional pressure on your joints, particularly your knees, hips and spine. Maintaining a healthy weight can help to reduce this pressure and the risk of developing OA.

Stay active

Regular physical activity can help to keep your joints flexible and strengthen the muscles around the joints, which provides support and reduces strain.

Avoid joint injuries

Protect your joints from injuries as they can cause or worsen arthritis. Use protective gear while playing sports and learn the correct techniques for exercise and lifting heavy objects.

Eat a balanced diet

A diet rich in antioxidants, such as fresh fruits, vegetables and herbs, can help reduce inflammation. Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and chia seeds, may also help manage arthritis pain and stiffness.

Arthritis Treatment

Treatment for arthritis aims to control pain, minimize joint damage and improve or maintain function and quality of life. Here are some common treatment options:

Medications

Various medications can help manage arthritis symptoms. Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) can help reduce pain and inflammation. In more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe stronger pain relief or anti-rheumatic drugs to slow the progression of the disease.

Physical therapy

Physical therapy can help improve your range of motion and strengthen the muscles surrounding joints. For some types of arthritis, splints or braces may be recommended.

Surgery

In cases where conservative treatments have failed, surgery might be an option. The type of surgery will depend on the type and severity of arthritis. Common procedures include joint repair, joint replacement or joint fusion.

Alternative treatments

Some individuals find relief through alternative treatments like acupuncture, massage or using supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate. However, these should not replace conventional treatments and should be discussed with a healthcare provider before use.

Living with Arthritis

Living with arthritis can be challenging, but there are strategies that can make it easier:

Educate yourself

Learn as much as you can about your type of arthritis to be an active participant in your own care.

Stay positive

A positive outlook can lead to a more active life. Engage in activities that you enjoy and that are easy on your joints.

Connect with others

Support groups or forums can connect you with people who understand what you’re going through and can provide advice and support.

Help is Here

Arthritis can be a debilitating condition, but understanding what it is, recognizing the types and knowing the available prevention and treatment options can empower you to manage your symptoms effectively. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle, seeking appropriate medical care and staying informed, you can lead a fulfilling life even with arthritis.

If you suspect you have arthritis or if you’re experiencing joint pain, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management plan. Remember, while arthritis can’t always be prevented, its impact can be minimized with proactive management and a healthy lifestyle. Stay active, protect your joints and don’t hesitate to seek help when needed. With the right approach, arthritis doesn’t have to define your life.

St. Mary’s Physician Associates is here to help. Our team of experienced healthcare professionals provides a wide variety of services, including arthritis services. To learn more about our services, use our contact us page  or book an appointment with one of our providers today.