Orthopedic conditions affect the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles and nerves. These conditions can range from acute injuries like fractures and sprains to chronic issues like arthritis and back pain.

Understanding these common conditions is essential for maintaining your physical health and knowing when to seek the help of an orthopedic specialist. In this article, we’ll delve into what orthopedic surgeons do, explore various orthopedic conditions and discuss orthopedic care and treatment.

What Do Orthopedic Surgeons Do?

Orthopedic surgeons are skilled in managing various musculoskeletal issues. They treat patients of all ages, from newborns with clubfeet to elderly individuals with arthritis. Their expertise includes:

  • Diagnosing orthopedic conditions
  • Treating injuries or disorders with surgery, medication, exercise or other treatment plans
  • Rehabilitating patients through exercises or physical therapy to restore movement, strength and functionality
  • Providing advice on preventing orthopedic disorders and injuries

Common Orthopedic Conditions

Orthopedic conditions can be caused by a variety of factors, including age-related wear and tear, overuse, injuries and genetics. Below are some of the most common orthopedic conditions that affect individuals.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, resulting from the breakdown of cartilage in joints, leading to pain and stiffness. It often affects the knees, hips, hands and spine.

Fractures

A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from a high-force impact or stress, or as a result of bone weakened by disease. Proper alignment and stabilization of the bone are necessary for effective healing.

Sprains and strains

Sprains are injuries to ligaments, the tough bands connecting bones in a joint. Strains are injuries to muscle fibers or tendons, which anchor muscles to bones. Both are common injuries that occur from overstretching or tearing.

Rotator cuff tear

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of the upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. A tear can occur from a single injury or from repetitive shoulder motions.

Carpal tunnel syndrome

This condition is caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist and can lead to numbness, weakness, and tingling in the hand and arm.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries

The ACL is a ligament in the knee that can be injured during sports that involve sudden stops or changes in direction, jumping and landing. ACL injuries are common among athletes.

Orthopedic Care and Treatment Options

Orthopedic treatment can involve a variety of options depending on the severity and type of condition. Here are some treatments that orthopedic surgeons may recommend.

Non-surgical treatments

Many orthopedic conditions can be managed without surgery. Non-surgical treatments include:

  • Medications to reduce pain and inflammation
  • Joint injections like corticosteroids
  • Physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises
  • Orthotic devices to support and protect injured areas
  • Lifestyle modifications, such as weight loss and low-impact exercises

Surgical treatments

When non-surgical treatments are ineffective, surgery may be necessary. Common orthopedic surgeries include:

  • Arthroscopy – a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat joint problems
  • Joint replacement – damaged joints are replaced with artificial ones, commonly performed on hips and knees
  • Fusion – bones are fused together with bone grafts and hardware to heal into a single solid bone
  • Osteotomy – the correction of bone deformity by cutting and repositioning the bone
  • Repair of soft tissues – repair or reattachment of tendons or ligaments

Preventing Orthopedic Disorders

Preventive measures can go a long way in reducing the risk of developing orthopedic conditions. Here are some ways to keep your musculoskeletal system healthy:

Maintain a healthy weight

Extra weight puts additional stress on your joints, particularly on your knees, hips and back. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce this stress and lower your risk of developing osteoarthritis.

Exercise regularly

Regular exercise strengthens the muscles around your joints, which helps to keep them stable and can prevent injuries. Focus on a combination of strength training, flexibility exercises, and aerobic activities.

Use proper technique and equipment

Whether you’re playing sports, working out or doing any physical task, using the right technique and equipment can prevent injuries. For example, wearing supportive footwear can reduce the risk of ankle sprains.

Listen to your body

Ignoring pain or discomfort can lead to more severe injuries. If you experience pain during an activity, stop and rest. If the pain persists, consult an orthopedic specialist.

Warm up and cool down

Warming up before exercise prepares your muscles and joints for movement and can prevent strains and sprains. Cooling down after exercise helps to reduce stiffness and soreness.

When to See an Orthopedic Surgeon

If you’re experiencing persistent pain, swelling or stiffness in your bones, joints or muscles, it might be time to see an orthopedic surgeon. Other signs that you should seek medical attention include:

  • Difficulty performing everyday activities due to pain or limited range of motion
  • Chronic pain that worsens or doesn’t improve with rest
  • Noticeable changes in the appearance of your joints
  • Any signs of infection such as heat, inflammation, fever or redness

Help is Here

Orthopedic conditions can significantly impact your quality of life, but with the right care, many people can find relief from their symptoms and return to their regular activities. Understanding common orthopedic conditions and knowing when to seek treatment are key to maintaining good musculoskeletal health. If you suspect you have an orthopedic condition, don’t hesitate to reach out to an orthopedic surgeon for an evaluation and personalized treatment plan.

Remember, early intervention can often prevent more serious problems down the line and help keep your body’s support system strong and functional. Whether it’s through preventive measures or seeking professional orthopedic care, taking steps to protect your musculoskeletal health is always a smart move.

St. Mary’s Physician Associates is here to help. Our team of experienced healthcare professionals provides a wide variety of services, including orthopedic services. To learn more about our services, use our contact us page or book an appointment with one of our providers today.